Cov cuab yeej nqus dej
Txoj kev nqus tau siv qis -volatility lossis tsis yog- cov kuab tshuaj tsis muaj zog los nqus VOCs, tom qab ntawd cais lawv raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev ntawm VOCs thiab cov nqus dej.
VOC- cov pa roj nkag mus rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev hauv qab; thaum nws nce, nws los rau hauv txee- tam sim no kev sib cuag nrog cov absorbent ntws los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm tus pej thuam. Tom qab ntawd cov roj purified yog tawm ntawm tus pej thuam saum toj kawg nkaus. Lub absorbent, tam sim no laden nrog VOCs, dhau los ntawm lub tshav kub exchanger ua ntej nkag mus rau sab saum toj ntawm ib tug stripping pej thuam, qhov twg desorption tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm elevated kub (siab tshaj qhov nqus kub) los yog txo lub siab (tsawg tshaj li qhov nqus siab). Lub desorbed absorbent yog condensed los ntawm ib tug hnyav condenser thiab xa rov qab mus rau lub absorption ntauwd. Cov roj desorbed VOC kis tau los ntawm lub condenser thiab cov pa roj-kua cais, tawm hauv cov pej thuam stripping raws li cov dej ntshiab VOC npaj rau kev rov qab los thiab rov qab siv dua. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov zoo- haum rau purifying roj ntws yam ntxwv los ntawm siab VOC concentrations thiab qis kub; nyob rau hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, yuav tsum tau kho cov txheej txheem tsim nyog.
Cov khoom siv adsorption
Thaum cov kua dej sib tov raug kho siv cov khoom ntxeem tau, ib lossis ntau lub ntsiab lus hauv cov kua yuav raug ntes los ntawm - thiab concentrated rau - cov khoom nto; Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua adsorption. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho cov pa khib nyiab los ntawm adsorption, cov hom phiaj yog cov pa phem pa phem, tsim cov roj- cov txheej txheem adsorption. Cov khoom siv roj av adsorbed yog hu ua * adsorbates *, thaum cov khoom ntxeem tau hu ua * adsorbent *.
Thaum cov khoom nto tau adsorbed cov adsorbate, ib feem ntawm cov khoom adsorbed yuav tom qab tshem tawm ntawm qhov adsorbent nto; Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua desorption. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab cov txheej txheem adsorption tau ua tiav rau ib lub sijhawm, qhov sib xyaw ntawm adsorbates ntawm qhov chaw ua rau cov adsorbent lub peev xwm poob qis, yog li ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm cov khoom siv los ntawm cov adsorbent, yog li rov ua kom nws lub peev xwm adsorption; Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua * adsorbent regeneration *. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim adsorption engineering daim ntaub ntawv, ib tug cyclical txheej txheem - muaj xws li adsorption, regeneration, thiab tom qab adsorption- yog siv los tshem tawm cov pa phem los ntawm cov pa khib nyiab thaum tib lub sij hawm rov qab tau cov khoom tseem ceeb uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov roj kwj.
Khoom Siv Purification
combustion-raws li txoj kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov VOCs siab thiab cov tshuaj tsis zoo. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog siv ntau tshaj ntawm huab cua los combust cov impurities; Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no yog li hloov mus rau carbon dioxide thiab dej vapor, uas tuaj yeem raug tso tawm kom nyab xeeb rau hauv qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua cov organic tebchaw uas muaj chlorine lossis sulfur, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj xws li HCl lossis SO2; yog li ntawd, tom qab-combustion gases yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv.
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Lub plasma yog ib qho roj hauv lub xeev ionized. Lub sij hawm "plasma" yog coined los ntawm American kws tshawb fawb Irving Langmuir nyob rau hauv 1927 thaum kawm tawm phenomena nyob rau hauv mercury vapor nyob rau hauv qis - mob siab. Lub plasma muaj ntau ntawm electrons, nruab nrab atoms, zoo siab -state atoms, photons, thiab dawb radicals; Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab tag nrho cov nqi zoo ntawm cov ions yuav tsum sib npaug, ua rau tag nrho cov hluav taws xob nruab nrab- qhov no yog qhov txhais tau tias "plasma." Plasmas nthuav tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab teb rau electromagnetic teb nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab, kua, thiab roj; vim li no, lawv feem ntau hu ua "fourth state of matter." Raws li lawv lub xeev, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab ion ntom ntom, plasmas feem ntau muab faib ua ob pawg: siab-plasmas kub thiab qis-plasmas kub (xws li thermal plasmas thiab txias plasmas). Siab -kub plasmas muaj ionization℃mus txog kev sib koom ua ke, thiab qhov kub ntawm tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog ze li qub, muab cov kab ke tso rau hauv lub xeev ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov thermodynamic; Cov no feem ntau yog siv hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tswj hwm thermonuclear fusion tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsawg- qhov kub thiab txias plasmas, hloov pauv, muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm cov thermodynamic uas tsis yog- sib npaug, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ntau yam khoom sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb, qhov kub ntawm hluav taws xob (Te) yog qhov siab dua qhov kub ntawm ion (Ti)-feem ntau tshaj 10^4 K-thaum qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov ions thiab cov khoom nruab nrab yuav nyob qis qis, xws li 300 txog 500 K. Plasmas generated los ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntawm cov txheej txheem qis dua 2.
Raws li xyoo 2013, kev tshawb fawb rau hauv cov txheej txheem hauv qab ntawm qis -kub plasmas qhia tias lawv cov teebmeem feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo. Tsawg-plasmas kub yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv electrons, ions, dawb radicals, thiab zoo siab - xeev molecules. Siab- lub zog hluav taws xob sib tsoo nrog cov roj molecules (los yog atoms), hloov lawv lub zog kinetic rau hauv lub zog sab hauv hauv av- lub xeev molecules (los yog atoms); Cov txheej txheem no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev cuam tshuam -xws li excitation, dissociation, thiab ionization- yog li tsav cov molecules mus rau hauv lub xeev qhib. Ntawm ib sab tes, cov txheej txheem no cleaves molecular bonds nyob rau hauv cov roj, tsim kom yooj yim molecules thiab cov khoom particulates; ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tsim cov dawb radicals-xws li •OH thiab H2O2- nrog rau ozone (O3), uas muaj zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem no, siab - lub zog hluav taws xob ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab, thaum lub thermal txav ntawm cov ions tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau theem nrab lossis pab cuam nkaus xwb. Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua siab, qhov tsis zoo heev -plasma sib npaug tsim los ntawm cov pa tawm muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob- feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm ntau txhiab degrees Celsius- uas siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm cov roj (uas tseem nyob ze ntawm chav tsev kub, lossis nyob ib ncig ntawm 100℃). Ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qhov tsis yog{25}}plasma sib npaug; Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov yam ntxwv xws li nruab nrab lub zog hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob ceev, roj kub, qhov siab ntawm cov pa phem molecules, thiab tag nrho cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm no muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los pab txhawb cov kev tawm tsam uas yuav tsum muaj lub zog ua kom muaj zog-xws li tshem tawm cov pa phem tsis tu ncua hauv huab cua-thiab tseem ua rau kev kho cov roj ntws uas muaj cov pa phem tsawg, siab khiav nrawm, thiab cov pa paug loj (piv txwv li, cov kwj deg uas muaj cov tshuaj sulfate).
Txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov ntshav plasma yog cov pa tawm. Gas paug yog hais txog ib tug txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb mechanism ua rau ib tug electron yuav tsum tau ionized-detached- ntawm ib tug roj atom los yog molecule. Lub resulting gaseous nruab nrab yog hu ua "ionized gas"; Yog tias cov roj ionized no yog tsim los ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab txhawb nqa cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb yog hu ua "gas paug." Raws li cov txheej txheem tso tawm, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov pa nruab nrab thiab lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab cov geometry ntawm cov electrodes, cov pa tawm plasmas tau muab faib ua ntau pawg hauv qab no: ① Glow Discharge; ② Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD); ③ Xov tooj cua-Frequency (RF) Tawm; thiab ④ Microwave Discharge. Txawm hais tias hom plasma tiam twg ua haujlwm, siab -voltage tawm yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov kev xav tau no tsim kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob arcing lossis sparking, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij -ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb vim tias kev kho cov pa phem feem ntau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv huab cua.
Photocatalysis thiab Biopurification Equipment
Photocatalysis yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qib siab uas tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Photocatalytic oxidation ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv tag nrho ntawm cov pa phem uas muaj nyob hauv dej, huab cua, thiab av rau hauv cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj mob hauv chav sov. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, ib txwm high -kub incineration technologies yuav tsum tau kub heev kub los ua kom muaj kuab paug; Txawm tias cov pa catalytic oxidation txoj kev feem ntau yuav tsum tau kub txog li ob peb puas degrees Celsius.
Raws li txoj cai, yog tias lub teeb lub zog nqus los ntawm ib lub semiconductor sib npaug los yog ntau dua li nws lub zog sib txawv, nws muaj lub zog txaus los ua kom muaj zog thiab tsim hluav taws xob - qhov khub; Yog li ntawd, xws li ib tug semiconductor muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug photocatalyst. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib qho -cov khoom siv photocatalysts suav nrog ntau yam hlau oxides thiab sulfides- xws li TiO₂, ZnO, ZnS, CdS, thiab PbS. Txhua yam ntawm cov catalysts no muaj qhov zoo sib xws rau cov kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb thiab tuaj yeem xaiv tau raws li qhov xav tau hauv kev tshawb fawb siv tau. Piv txwv li, lub semiconductor CdS muaj ib tug kuj nqaim band sib txawv zog, uas dlhos zoo nrog lub ze ntawm -ultraviolet cheeb tsam ntawm lub hnub ci spectrum, yog li ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub teeb lub zog; Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau photocorrosion, ua rau muaj kev pab cuam lub neej tsawg. Hauv qhov sib piv, TiO2 nthuav tawm qhov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho thiab sawv raws li kev siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab tau kawm ntau dua ib zaug -compound photocatalyst.
